人工智能体育应用在变革体育生产力的同时,也给体育领域带来了诸多风险挑战。运用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,探讨人工智能体育应用的伴随风险,并提出法律因应之策。人工智能体育应用一方面面临着技术内生的数据隐私、数据错误、算法偏差等风险,另一方面也面临着技术衍生的网络安全、体育公平、市场垄断等风险。应对人工智能体育应用的风险挑战,首先是要在法律上划定人工智能体育应用的合理界限,令其“有所为有所不为”,其次是要构建以“数据-算法”为核心的多元规制架构,把风险框进制度的“笼子”,最后是要辅之以健全的配套监管,实现风险的有效治理。于我国而言,可借本次《体育法》修订契机,依循“技术-制度”导向,补足“人工智能体育”相关条款,并由此妥善的安排相关利益,不失为一种可行的方案。

While transforming the productivity of sports, artificial intelligence sports applications also bring many risk challenges to the sports field. Using literature and logical analysis, we explore the accompanying risks of AI sports applications and propose legal countermeasures. Artificial intelligence sports applications face risks such as data privacy, data errors, and algorithm bias that are endogenous to the technology on the one hand, and risks such as cybersecurity, sports equity, and market monopoly that are derived from the technology on the other. To address the risk challenges of AI sports applications, firstly, we need to legally define the reasonable boundaries of AI sports applications, so that they can "do something and not do something", secondly, we need to build a multiple regulatory framework with "data-algorithm" as the core, so as to put the risks into the cage of the system. Finally, it is complemented by sound supporting regulation to achieve effective risk management. In our country, we can take the opportunity of the revision of the Sports Law to follow the "technology-institution" orientation and introduce the provisions related to "artificial intelligence sports", and thus properly arrange the relevant interests, which is a feasible solution.

国家社会科学基金重大项目:中华人民共和国体育法修改重大问题的法理学研究(18ZDA330)；福建省社科项目:《健康中国背景下福建省社区体育发展模式研究》(FJ2018B105）