人口老龄化背景下老年人健康问题是亟待解决的重要问题，健康促进的社会生态学理论认为城市社区建成环境是影响老年人健康的重要因素。本研究采用2017—2018年于南京市调研数据，探讨城市社区建成环境、体力活动与老年人健康的关系。研究发现：①从整体上看，社区建成环境对老年人健康不仅产生直接影响，还通过体力活动产生间接影响。②不同类型社区的建成环境对老年群体健康的影响路径存在差异，边缘、单位、综合社区通过体力活动间接影响老年健康，而传统社区会产生直接影响。③影响因子重要程度大小排序：边缘社区为人均道路总长度、交通站点数、街道连通性、至商业场所距离；传统社区土地混合使用、至交通站点距离、建筑密度、体育设施数量；单位社区至休闲娱乐场所距离、人均道路总长度、体育设施种类、至商业场所距离；综合社区人均道路总长度、至交通站点距离、交通站点数、至休闲娱乐场所距离和体育设施数量。

In the context of population aging，the health of the elderly is an important issue to be solved urgently. The social ecology theory of health promotion holds that the built environment of urban community is an important factor affecting the health of the elderly. This study used data from a survey conducted in Nanjing from 2017 to 2018 to explore the relationship between built environment，physical activity and the health of the elderly in urban communities. The findings are as follows： ①On the whole，the community built environment not only has a direct impact on the health of the elderly，but also has an indirect impact through physical activity.②The built environment of different types of communities affects the health of the elderly in different paths. Peripheral，affiliated，and comprehensive communities indirectly affect the health of the elderly through physical activity，while traditional communities have direct impact. ③The ranking of the importance of impact factors for peripheral communities： the total length of roads per capita，the number of traffic stops，street connectivity，and the distance to commercial venues； for traditional communities，mixed use of land，distance to traffic station，building density，and number of sports facilities； for affiliated communities，distance to the leisure and entertainment venues，the total length of roads per capita，the type of sports facilities，and distance to commercial venue； for comprehensive communities，the total length of roads per capita，distance to traffic stops，number of traffic stops，distance to leisure and entertainment places and number of sports facilities.

G812.48；R195

国家社会科学基金青年项目（23CTY018）；江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目（2022SJYB0249）